Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Traumatic events that may trigger PTSD include violent personal assaults, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat. In DSM-IV (1994), PTSD was classified as an anxiety disorder. DSM-5 (2013) has moved PTSD out of the anxiety disorders section into a newly created section, “Trauma- and stressor- related disorders.”

Does a history of mild traumatic brain injury increase suicide risk in veterans with PTSD?

Barnes SM, Walter KH, Chard KM.Rehabil Psychol. 2012 Feb;57(1):18-26. AbstractObjective: Research shows that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) independently increase suicide risk; however, scant research has investigated whether mTBI increases suicide risk above and beyond the risk associated with PTSD alone. Design: The current research compared suicide risk factors among […]

Decreased suicidal ideation in depressed patients with or without comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: An open study

Sher L, Stanley BH, Posner K, Arendt M, Grunebaum MF, Neria Y, Mann JJ, Oquendo MA.Psychiatry Res. 2012 Mar 5. [Epub ahead of print] AbstractComorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with higher morbidity including suicidal ideation and behavior. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a known treatment for […]

Minireview: Stress-related psychiatric disorders with low cortisol levels: a metabolic hypothesis

Yehuda R, Seckl J.Endocrinology. 2011 Dec;152(12):4496-503. AbstractSeveral stress-associated neuropsychiatric disorders, notably posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain and fatigue syndromes, paradoxically exhibit somewhat low plasma levels of the stress hormone cortisol. The effects appear greatest in those initially traumatized in early life, implying a degree of developmental programming, perhaps of both lower cortisol and vulnerability […]

Posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and suicide in veterans

Sher L, Braquehais MD, Casas M.Cleve Clin J Med 2012 Feb;79(2):92-7.AbstractSuicidal behavior is a critical problem in war veterans. Combat veterans are not only more likely to have suicidal ideation, often associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, but they are more likely to act on a suicidal plan. Especially since veterans may be […]

Traumatic Grief and Traumatic Stress in Survivors 12 years after the Genocide in Rwanda

Mutabaruka J, Séjourné N, Bui E, Birmes P, Chabrol H.Stress Health. 2011 Oct 5. doi: 10.1002/smi.1429. [Epub ahead of print] AbstractThe relationship between exposure to traumatic events and traumatic grief and the role of mediating and moderating variables [peritraumatic distress, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and symptoms of depression] were studied in survivors of […]

The Effect of Early Trauma Exposure on Serotonin Type 1B Receptor Expression Revealed by Reduced Selective Radioligand Binding

Murrough JW, Czermak C, Henry S, Nabulsi N, Gallezot JD, Gueorguieva R, Planeta-Wilson B, Krystal JH, Neumaier JF, Huang Y, Ding YS, Carson RE, Neumeister A.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;68(9):892-900. CONTEXT: Serotonergic dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and recent animal models suggest that disturbances in serotonin type 1B receptor […]

Treatment of war trauma in veterans: pharmacotherapy and self-help proposal

Marvasti JA.Conn Med. 2011 Mar;75(3):133-41. Over 1.9 million U.S. veterans have been deployed to the Middle East since 2001. Statistics show that when they return, a significant number of them will develop psychiatric/psychosomatic disorders. Many of these returning veterans will be seen in primary-care offices or at hospitals. It is important for physicians to be […]

Health-related quality of life two years after injury due to terrorism

Tuchner M, Meiner Z, Parush S, Hartman-Maeir A.Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2010;47(4):269-75. Background: During the past few decades, terrorist acts have been an unfortunate reality worldwide. There is a striking paucity of research investigating the multitude of long-term outcomes after severe physical injury due to terrorist attacks, a unique subgroup of trauma patients. The […]

Hydrocortisone responsiveness in Gulf War veterans with PTSD: effects on ACTH, declarative memory hippocampal [(18)F]FDG uptake on PET

Yehuda R, Golier JA, Bierer LM, Mikhno A, Pratchett LC, Burton CL, Makotkine I, Devanand DP, Pradhaban G, Harvey PD, Mann JJ.Psychiatry Res. 2010 Nov 30;184(2):117-27 Neuroendocrine, cognitive and hippocampal alterations have been described in Gulf War (GW) veterans, but their inter-relationships and significance for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have not been described. Hydrocortisone (Hcort) […]

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