Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Traumatic events that may trigger PTSD include violent personal assaults, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat. In DSM-IV (1994), PTSD was classified as an anxiety disorder. DSM-5 (2013) has moved PTSD out of the anxiety disorders section into a newly created section, “Trauma- and stressor- related disorders.”

Translational evidence for a role of endocannabinoids in the etiology and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

Neumeister A, Seidel J, Ragen BJ, Pietrzak RH.Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 Jan;51:577-84.   Abstract. INTRODUCTION: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent, chronic, and disabling anxiety disorder that may develop following exposure to a traumatic event. Despite the public health significance of PTSD, relatively little is known about the etiology or pathophysiology of this disorder, and pharmacotherapy […]

Family support, family stress and suicidal ideation in a combat-exposed sample of OEF/OIF Veterans

Gradus JL, Smith BN, Vogt D.Anxiety Stress Coping. 2015 Jan 23:1-21. [Epub ahead of print]  Background and Objectives: Deployment-related risk factors for suicidal ideation among Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans have received a great deal of attention. Studies show that mental health symptoms mediate the association between most deployment stressors […]

Cortisol response to cosyntropin administration in military veterans with or without posttraumatic stress disorder

Golier JA, Caramanica K, Makotkine I, Sher L, Yehuda R.Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014 Feb;40:151-8. Abstract. Studies have demonstrated altered sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to its direct regulators in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about the adrenal response to hormonal stimulation in PTSD. An increased cortisol response to synthetic corticotropin-releasing factor […]

The role of nutrients in protecting mitochondrial function and neurotransmitter signaling: implications for the treatment of depression, PTSD, and suicidal behaviors

Du J, Zhu M, Bao H, Li B, Dong Y, Xiao C, Zhang GY, Henter I, Rudorfer M, Vitiello B. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014 Nov 3:0. [Epub ahead of print] Abstract. Numerous studies have linked severe stress to the development of major depressive disorder (MDD), and suicidal behaviors. Furthermore, recent preclinical studies from […]

Increased Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients After Transient Ischemic Attack

Kiphuth IC, Utz KS, Noble AJ, Köhrmann M, Schenk T. Stroke. 2014 Oct 2. pii: STROKEAHA.113.004459. [Epub ahead of print] Abstract. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A transient ischemic attack (TIA) involves temporary neurological symptoms but leaves a patient symptom-free. Patients are faced with an increased risk for future stroke, and the manifestation of the TIA itself […]

Prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder

Ruby E, Sher L.Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2013 Jul 10:1-11. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2013-0064. [Epub ahead of print] AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is significantly associated with an increased risk for suicidal behavior among adolescents. Suicide is one of the top three causes of adolescent deaths worldwide. Despite the strong relationship between PTSD and suicidal behavior, precise […]

The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on blood pressure and heart rate in a veteran population

Paulus EJ, Argo TR, Egge JA.J Trauma Stress. 2013 Jan 31. doi: 10.1002/jts.21785. [Epub ahead of print] AbstractHyperarousal is a hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD has been associated with increased blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in veteran populations. We retrospectively identified male patients consulted to outpatient psychiatry at the Iowa City […]

More than 60 years later: the mediating role of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder for the association of forced displacement in world war II with somatization in old age

Kuwert P, Braehler E, Freyberger HJ, Glaesmer H.J Nerv Ment Dis. 2012 Oct;200(10):911-4. AbstractUp to now, it has remained unclear whether displacement itself is the pathogenetic factor for the impairment of mental health in uprooted individuals or whether the effect is mediated by the amount of traumatic events experienced during forced displacement and/or by the […]

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among U.S. Military Health Care Professionals Deployed in Support of Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan

Jacobson IG, Horton JL, Leardmann CA, Ryan MA, Boyko EJ, Wells TS, Smith B, Smith TC.SourceJ Trauma Stress. 2012 Nov 26. doi: 10.1002/jts.21753. [Epub ahead of print] AbstractLimited prospective studies exist that evaluate the mental health status of military health care professionals who have deployed. This study used prospective data from the Millennium Cohort Study […]

Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity in service members returning from Iraq and Afghanistan with different types of injuries

McLay RN, Webb-Murphy J, Hammer P, Volkert S, Klam W.CNS Spectr. 2012 Mar;17(1):11-5. Abstract. Introduction: Risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) varies in part due to the nature of the traumatic event involved. Both injury and return from combat pose high risk of PTSD symptoms. How different injuries may predispose towards PTSD is less well […]

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